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After Horror, A 'Fiasco' Of Bureaucratic Oppression

Fiasco by Imre Kertesz
 

Fiasco
By Imre Kertesz
Paperback, 368 pages
Melville House
List Price: $18.95
Read An Excerpt
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April 7, 2011

When Imre Kertesz won the Nobel Prize for Literature for 2002, he was hardly known in his native Hungary — and much less so outside of it. His first novel, Fatelessness, told the account of a Holocaust survivor named Koves, who mostly mirrord Kertesz's own experiences in Auschwitz and Buchenwald. His second, Kaddish for an Unborn Child, furiously railed against the thought of bringing a child into a world that could also create such a holocaust. Fiasco, recently translated into English, revisits Koves, now a young adult returning to Hungary just after a Stalinist government has taken over.

Having written about what he experienced in the prison camps, Kertesz turns to asking why he felt the need to vividly recall those times. Chapter 1 of Fiasco does not begin in earnest until Page 119, after a preliminary untitled section recounts "the old boy," a version of Kertesz himself, mulling around his apartment and parsing through papers from his younger days when he first began to write about his time in concentration camps. Like Kertesz, the old boy lives sparsely under the dictatorship and translates Kafka and Nietzsche for a living — a telling influence on Kertesz's own writing. The section is narrated by a plural, nameless entity that has the sense of a thin-mustached government regulator running his fine-toothed comb through the old boy's actions, thoroughly recording every move with all the necessary qualifying remarks, making sure everything's up to standard.

All are trapped by a frightening, trembling kind of prison, masterfully elucidated by Kertesz, where each one knows in advance which human, free and necessary actions will suddenly land them in a prison camp.

Koves' story begins when a subject finally crystallizes in the old boy's mind — he will write about the character's return to his home country, disoriented and unfamiliar with the oppressive new society. Koves stumbles through his days in an endlessly exhausted fog, pained to be awake, unaware of most of the conversations he has. He finds the right words, usually to settle the silence, but does not really know what everyone around him talks about at all. Everyone else can't do much to help him understand; at the mere question of anything relating to the trucks that come by to kidnap dissenters at dawn, or the government's strict record keeping of citizens' whereabouts and employment, they simply ask each other, "can anyone know?" to avoid saying anything of substance (which could land them in jail).

But in a cafe called Southern Seas, among a melange of craggy personalities vying for a secret cut of meat or a job with the fire department, Koves meets a writer named Berg. After a winding, guarded conversation, Berg finally wonders aloud when those in charge will cart him away to a prison camp. Koves asks "smilingly, like someone who, purely for the fun of it, of course, was going along with the game," what they will decide for him, but he has it all wrong, Berg says. Instead, it's up to Koves to decide; those in charge "merely ... take cognizance of your decision."

Imre Kertesz won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2002. He was born in Hungary in 1929, and was deported to Auschwitz at the age of 14. He has written 15 novels, seven of which have been translated from Hungarian to English.
Courtesy Melville House

Imre Kertesz won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2002. He was born in Hungary in 1929, and was deported to Auschwitz at the age of 14. He has written 15 novels, seven of which have been translated from Hungarian to English.

The characters populating Fiasco know exactly what to do to avoid being snatched up by the police, or how to act to stay unnoticed. They're aware of a line that can't be crossed, like a pianist who avoids playing explicitly banned songs, but who doesn't know how to handle other songs that have just a hint of unseemliness and could perhaps put him in jail.

All are trapped by a frightening, trembling kind of prison, masterfully elucidated by Kertesz, where each one knows in advance which human, free and necessary actions will suddenly land them in a prison camp.

The old boy, riffling through his papers, finds a smooth, gray lump of stone with mysterious origins in the back of his filing cabinet "about which there is nothing reassuring we might say," the narrator says. The same could be said for Fiasco — a sense of unease, malaise and horror permeates the story. The novel deals not so much with Kertesz's direct experience in the concentration camps but with his overwhelming need to write about it later, the act of sending manuscripts to publishers, receiving rejection letters that called his recounting of the experience "quite odd" and always needing to write again. Kertesz wrote a truly cyclical kind of novel — in which the old boy struggles to write a novel in which Koves eventually realizes he, too, needs to write a novel — to finally clamor against the confusion and injustice around him, no matter who's listening.

Excerpt: 'Fiasco'

Fiasco by Imre Kertesz
 

Fiasco
By Imre Kertesz
Paperback, 368 pages
Melville House
List Price: $18.95

A strange ecstasy took hold of me; I lived a double life: my present—albeit halfheartedly, reluctantly, and my concentration-camp past—with the acute reality of the present. My readiness to immerse myself in it almost scared me; even now I could not give a reason for the voluptuous feeling which attended it. I don't know if memory itself is attended by that delight, irrespective of its subject, since I would not say that a concentration camp is exactly a bowl of fun; yet the fact is that during this period the slightest impression was enough to hurtle me back into my past. Auschwitz was present here, inside me, sitting in my stomach like an undigested dumpling, its spices belching up at the most unexpected moments. It was sufficient for me to glimpse a desolate locality, a barren industrial area, a sun-baked street, the concrete pilings of a newly started building, to breathe in the raw smell of pitch and timber, for ever-newer details, input, and moods to well up with something like the force of actuality.

For a time, I awoke each morning on the barrack forecourt at Auschwitz. It took a while for me to realize that this perception was evoked by a constant olfactory stimulus. A few days before, I had bought a new leather strap for my wristwatch. At night I put the watch on a low shelf directly by the bedside. Most likely that characteristic smell, reminiscent of chlorine and a distant stench of corpses, had lingered on the strap from the tanning and other processes. Later on I even used the strap as a sort of sal volatile: when my memories flagged, lay low inertly in the crannies of my brain, I used it to entice them from their hiding places—smelling them to pieces, so to speak. I shrank from no means and no effort in waging my battle with time, wresting from it my due right. I crammed myself with my own life. I was rich, weighty, mature, I stood at the threshold of some sort of transformation. I felt like a wild pear tree which wanted to bear apricots.

However, the more vivid my memories, the more abjectly they were caught on paper. While I was remembering, I was unable to write the novel; but as soon as I started to write the novel, I stopped remembering. It's not that my memories suddenly vanished, they simply changed. They transformed into the contents of some kind of lucky-dip tub into which I would reach, at the intervals that I deemed necessary, for a negotiable bank note. I would pick and choose among them: this one I needed, that one, not. By now the facts of my life, the so-called "material of my experiences," only distracted, confined, and hampered me in my work of bringing into life the novel for which that life had originally provided the conditions for life and had nourished from first to last. My work—writing the novel—actually consisted of nothing else than a systematic atrophying of my experiences in the interest of an artificial—or if you prefer, artistic—formula that, on paper, and only on paper, I could judge as an equivalent of my experiences. But in order for me to write I had to look on my novel like every novel in general—as a formation, a work of art composed of abstract symbols. Without my noticing, I had taken a run-up and made a big leap, and with a single bound I had suddenly switched from the personal into the objective and the general, only then to look around me in astonishment. Yet there was no reason to be surprised; as I know now, I had already completed that leap as soon as I made the start on writing my novel. It was no use my trying to plod back to the intention, no use that my original ambition had been directed solely at this one novel and did not so much as squint at anything beyond it, did not extend beyond the pages of this manuscript: by its very nature, a novel is only a novel if it transmits something—and I too wanted to transmit something, otherwise I would not have written a novel. To transmit, in my own way, according to my own lights; to transmit the material that was possible for me, my own material, myself—for, overloaded and weighted down as I was by its burden, I was by now longing like a bloated udder simply for the relief of being milked, being interpreted . . . however, there was one thing that, perhaps naturally enough, I did not think of: we are never capable of interpreting for ourselves. I was taken to Auschwitz not by the train in the novel but by a real one.

Excerpted from Fiasco by Imre Kertesz, with permission from Melville House. All rights reserved.

 

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