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August 7, 2008

Dispatch from Mexico: The Numbers Crunch

One of many HIV/AIDS data charts being presented at the conference.

Douglas, NPR
 


Douglas Hopper, here. I'm blogging from the International AIDS Conference in Mexico City. I'll be bringing you more about what's taking place here - with 25,000 people from around the world, there's no shortage of things to mention.

Numbers.

Three days into the conference, I'm swimming in data. My bag is bursting with reports from the latest studies, the newest surveys. And I'm not so sure that's a good thing. Last night I dreamed of PowerPoint data. The story of HIV/AIDS is feeling like one big number crunch.

It's not the first time.

Back in the day, before I started a career in journalism, I had my eyes set on public health. One of my first jobs in the field was with Vanguard Youth Services in Portland, Ore. I was an outreach worker in rural Oregon charged with bringing HIV prevention information to queer-identified youth.

It was great work. Actually, I loved my job. But one of the most grueling regular duties was the dreaded CDC report.

Each month I'd have to file a report for the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the main source of funding for our project. And each time I faced the massive form -- with all its columns of categories and sub categories -- I'd feel instantly inadequate. Not because sometimes the boxes would blur together, not because sometimes I'd have to call up my boss to decipher a question. The truth is I thought my numbers were just too small.

Some nights we'd only have three or four young people show up to the group meeting. And weeks would go by, during which time I'd gotten permission to put up just one poster in a high school. Even worse, one month I had only contacted one youth online ... and I didn't even know where he was from.

How could I put these numbers down? I imagined some bureaucrat at the CDC laughing hysterically at my form, passing it down the line as an example why programs like ours shouldn't be funded. Or worse, I thought I'd be forced to pump up the numbers. I knew I couldn't do that ... honestly. I was working in conservative communities, places where tolerance of homosexuality was an exception to the rule.

I knew we were making a difference, even if what was inside the boxes didn't make it seem so. I braced for the worst.

The CDC bureaucrat never faxed my form to the president. And my boss never questioned my elementary-size numbers. And our funds stayed intact, at least for awhile.

But I still wonder about those numbers. I still ask myself whether that was the best measurement of our success. All the quirky details of our meetings, all the tense moments, the embarrassing questions ... those were never recorded.

Here at the International AIDS conference, I'm struggling with the same dilemma. Yesterday, I went to a presentation about the increased risk of HIV among migrants along the US-Mexico border. Each person on the panel gave a very earnest speech, accompanied by PowerPoint slides detailing a myriad statistics about the immigrant population. All of the facts were important. One study showed that men who migrated across the border were more likely to engage in sex with a sex worker. Another set of data showed a similar increase among men who have sex with men.

Continue reading "Dispatch from Mexico: The Numbers Crunch" »

 
August 6, 2008

Dispatch from Mexico: MSM at Higher Risk

Douglas Hopper, here. I'm blogging from the International AIDS Conference in Mexico City. I'll be bringing you more about what's taking place here - with 25,000 people from around the world, there's no shortage of things to mention.

"Men who have sex with men have an average 19 times greater chance of being infected with HIV than the general adult male population in low-and middle income countries."

... a fact just presented at a press conference organized by the International AIDS Society and the Global Forum on MSM and HIV.

Criminalization, prejudice, social hostility and human rights abuses are boosting the spread of HIV, according to the presenters.

Dr. Jorge Saavedra, director of Mexico City's National Center for Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS, said the stigma of HIV and homophobia keep many men from seeking tests or treatment. In fact, MSM in Mexico City are 109 times more likely to contract HIV.

Dr. Saavedra is openly gay and has launched an anti-homophobia campaign in the city.

He and several other openly gay public health officials from around the world spoke at the press conference.

In light of my rant about the obscurity of statistics, I'm hoping some of you may have stories to share about how this issue manifests.

... Have you seen this kind of social exclusion in your culture? Are men who have sex with men marginalized in your home country?

 
August 5, 2008

Dispatch from Mexico: A Global Village

A collection of German public health posters sprayed along walls is an example of the strong public relations efforts underway at the conference.

Douglas Hopper, NPR
 


Douglas Hopper, here. I'm blogging from the International AIDS Conference in Mexico City. I'll be bringing you more about what's taking place here - with 25,000 people from around the world, there's no shortage of things to mention.

Thanks, Michel.

Finally, I scored a computer with Internet access! I think the hundreds of journalists in this room are jamming up the connection. ... I suppose that's a good thing.

I just returned from the what's being branded as a Global Village. It's a huge space full of non-profits and advocacy groups attending the conference from around the world.

I'll admit I was first skeptical about whether there would actually be a diverse representation of organizations here. (And I sometimes cringe whenever the word "village" is used to describe an event, but I'd say it might be the right description in this case.)

Hundreds of cultures are represented at this gathering. The diversity in the crowd is overwhelming. There are organizations here that most of us know, like Act Up, formed in the early days of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. But I'm finding that most of the groups here are new to me.

An LGBT-rights organization in Kyrgyzstan?

Though they don't know it, but their group has become the symbol of everything I don't know about the world.

Nearly every group has its best posters and PR campaigns on display ... an explosion of public health messages. One of the most popular messages I've seen yet is on a bumper sticker made by a women's rights organization:

More Boobs in Public Spaces, Less Boobs in Public Office.

I'll have more later from the Global Village and from other sessions.

Next up: a session about HIV transmission along the U.S.-Mexico border.

 
August 4, 2008

Dispatch from Mexico: A New, But Familiar, Place

Clinica Condesa is the only medical facility of its kind in Mexico City.

Douglas Hopper, NPR
 


Douglas Hopper, here. I'm blogging from the International AIDS Conference in Mexico City. I'll be bringing you more about what's taking place here - with 25,000 people from around the world, there's no shortage of things to mention.

Let me take a step back ...

Before the conference started, I went with a group of journalists to tour a Mexico City clinic that specializes in care for people living with HIV/AIDS. Unexpectedly, stepping into Clinica Condesa took me back to a place I'd nearly forgotten.

One of my mentors in life was a man named Chris Gonzales. He was an activist, a teacher, an agitator and also an exceptionally gifted fund raiser who used his passion to build one of the country's most successful LGBT youth groups, the Indianapolis Youth Group (IYG). I started attending meetings 1992. By that time, Chris had already raised enough money to buy a house for the group and at least five people were on the payroll -- a case worker, a nurse, a counselor and even a political organizer. It was an incredible space.

Every Thursday, roughly 50 of us young people would show up for the weekly meeting. The lucky ones were dropped off by our parents. But most of everyone else showed up with more than a little fear -- and exhaustion -- in their eyes. They'd come from every corner of Indiana, often having sneaked away from their homes, riding buses for hours to get there.

Looking back, I understand why. It wasn't the seemingly endless supply of free food, nor the huge selection of bubble gum and R&B music, which was typically blasting from the stereo hours before the meeting. We weren't coming to IYG to get something. We showed up to get away.

This is what Chris had in mind -- a space to escape the stigma, the harassment, the sharp judgment and hate most of us knew. It was also a place where AIDS wasn't a 'plague' that would -- at least in my mind -- lead me to my grave. (Though I never completely believed I would be spared, I at least was convinced that I should try). Chris created an oasis. It was a hideaway where we could breathe.

Visiting Clinica Condesa here in Mexico city, reminded me of what that was like.

After an impressive tour of the newly remodeled facility, we were led into a room where a group of patients joined us to share their stories. A gay man, who said we could refer to him as "Charlie," told us how homophobia keeps many men from getting tested for HIV. Then, an elderly man spoke about contracting HIV when we was a heavy drug user. He stood up to thank God -- more than a few times -- for the treatment he's receiving.

And then, a story I'll never forget.

A mother of four told us only her daughters and a neighbor know she's living with HIV. But she said the stigma of the disease has driven them apart. When she cooks for her daughters, they won't eat her food. When she does laundry, they ask her to wash their clothes separately. No one knows where she's going when she visits the clinic to get medication.

The stories went on ... for a long time. To those who frequent the clinic, we were a group of curious international journalists paying witness to their experience. They didn't let us go easily.

But aside from the all the gut-wrenching details, and the sometimes excessive platitudes they paid to the clinic, what I really heard was a collective sigh. Much like the one I heard when I walked into IYG more than fifteen years ago.

Chris died -- just a year after I met him.

None of us knew he was living with HIV. I heard he kept it a secret because he wanted to be perceived as living, not dying, which he thought would have stopped some of the support dollars from flowing in. If that's true, I appreciate the sacrifice. But I still wonder whether he feared losing the trust of the benefactors, or the youth.

... And if he were alive now, would he have spoken the truth?

IYG, Clinica Condesa are both testaments to the importance of creating safe spaces. But, groups form, spaces get built, shelters emerge ... So, the other question on my mind is what's changing outside?

Who would you tell if you were HIV-positive?

Who have you told?

 

New HIV/AIDS Findings: What's Working?

blood test iStock

By now, you've heard the news that the number of new HIV infections in the U.S. is higher than previously known.

Just to be clear, the news is not that the epidemic seems to be worsening, but, rather, that the detection methods are better, which means that we can now know approximately when people became infected and how many actually are.

All fine and good, but why, in the richest country in the world, do African Americans, as a group, have an HIV/AIDS infection rate that rivals that of the developing world?

I participated in a town hall forum with Phill Wilson of the Black AIDS Institute last fall, in conjunction with the Congressional Black Caucus annual legislative weekend. What impressed me about that conference was -- in contrast to the new data we're just learning about -- how much we do know about what works and what does not in fighting HIV/AIDS. There were so many great initiatives already up and running. I was amazed. (I recognize that that was a reflection of my own ignorance, but I was under the impression that this was all new news.)

Wilson says the big issue is coordination: one hand does not know what the other is doing, so the best practices and innovative ideas that are working well in some communities are not replicated. Of course, there are also the systemic problems with health care in this country, but still.

We'd like to hear from you. What innovative, effective programs to fight HIV/AIDS are working where you live? If we hear from enough of you, we will find a way to showcase these ideas in an upcoming program.

I'll figure something out. We cannot let this epidemic go on.

And, speaking of news, meet the new Washington bureau chief for NBC News, Mark Whitaker. A quiet trailblazer, he spent most of his career at NEWSWEEK magazine, winning four national magazine awards as editor. Now, he's heading the network's D.C. bureau. His new role has to be one of the most glamorous jobs in journalism, filled rather remarkably for the last decade by someone who was surely one of the city's best loved, as well as best respected, journalists, Tim Russert, who was not a glamour hound. Russert was a down-to-earth teddybear who brought the heat.

Big shoes, but Whitaker has his own big shoes, not least that he is the first African American to fill many of the key jobs in which he's served, including this one.

And because it's Monday, and I know some people are sad to be back at work, we decided to make it funky for you with Brian Culbertson.

Enjoy. You know you can't fake the funk.

 
February 5, 2008

That Kind of Tuesday ...

Do you ever get sick of yourself? That's how I feel right now. This cold is making me nuts. The hacking is not only disgusting, it's painful. ... Enough already!

But thanks for the suggestion of Throat Coat -- one of our bloggers (P. Umunna) recommended it and one of our producers, Douglas Hopper, ran out to the grocery store near here to get me some (don't worry, he was also getting his own lunch ... I wouldn't do him like that!) and it seems to be helping. And it's yummy, too.

OK, back to work. Chad. We promised we'd try to shed some light on that situation, where rebel forces -- some of them actually relatives of incumbent President Deby -- attacked the capital city Ndjamena in an attempt to overthrow the government. We had great guests today, but we hope to do more and still hope to make contact with folks on the ground. If we do, we'll certainly bring you those voices right away. Listeners have been helping us, and we appreciate it.

And, on to books...

The American Library Association president Loriene Roy stopped in, as she does on her swings through Washington, and brought us some goodies -- the award-winning, or as she called them "honor" books, the association and other groups selected this year. I want all of them. Clip and save this list for your Christmas shopping!

We also brought you the second of our conversations about mental illness. Yesterday, we talked with author Terri Cheney about her book, Manic. Today, Terrie Williams talked about her book Black Pain. Having known Terrie for years, believe me when I say that she very convincingly wore the mask. I didn't see her a lot, by any means, but I saw her enough to know that she is a top player in New York public relations circles. So imagine my shock to discover that all that time, she was struggling with depression.

What a gift it is, in my view, for Terrie to be willing to share her story. Of the things Terrie has done, this may be her greatest achievement -- to let everyone know that one does not have to be perfect to be successful, and that success sometimes comes at a price ... but that one can decide that the price is too high.

Thank you, Terrie.

NO politics today, per NPR rule -- it's an election day. But we did want to remind everybody that the right to vote did not come for everyone in this country at the same time, and in the same way. The 15th Amendment was ratified this week, 138 years ago. Hear one of the country's most eminent civil rights leaders, Ted Shaw of the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, explain how it happened. It's a more complicated story than I knew.

See you tomorrow. Keep those throat remedies coming!

 
November 27, 2007

Washington's Health Scare

HIV/AIDS prevention in D.C. AP Photo

Was there a theme to today's program? Not really. How about ... trying to make it through the best we can.

Our lead story: the numbers on HIV/AIDS in Washington, D.C. are eye-popping. Read (pdf) through the recent report it for yourself.

If you DON'T live in D.C., what does this mean to you? Well, I'm still trying to sort that out. I think it shows the way this disease is progressing through the general population, and, especially, coursing through the African American community. The numbers for Latinos in the District are also important to consider -- nearly 5 percent of those living with HIV/AIDS in the district are Latino.

HIV/AIDS can truly be considered an epidemic in the District -- D.C. had the highest AIDS case rate nationally -- a whopping 128.4 cases per 100,000 population, compared with 14.0 cases per 100,000 nationally ... but it's also true that the rate for newly reported cases is higher than rates in Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York City, Detroit, and Chicago. So, is there something about D.C.? Or, is there something broader at work? Our guests, Dr. Shannon Hader, MD, MPH, senior deputy director of Washington's HIV/AIDS Administration, and Rae Lewis Thornton, a longtime AIDS survivor and activist who lives in Chicago, helped us sort through it. If you are a regular reader of Essence magazine, you will have surely read Thornton's story at some point.

If you have insights on how the message about HIV/AIDS can be more effectively communicated, please don't keep it to yourself. We're going to go back to our panel of college students to get their take. We visited with them the week before last about a Pew poll on racial attitudes in the country, and we found their ideas so interesting we decided to have them back.

We also want to let you know about two upcoming Mocha Moms segments...

Continue reading "Washington's Health Scare" »

 


   
   
   
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