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Two Years After Sept. 11
The Second Anniversary of the Terrorist Attacks on America

Mourners embrace at the World Trade Center site before a ceremony marking the second anniversary of the attacks in New York. Sept. 11, 2003. Credit: Reuters Limited © 2003
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Gene Stilp of Harrisburg, Pa., adjusts a flag commemorating the loss of United Airlines Flight 93 at a temporary memorial in Shanksville, Pa., on Sept. 11, 2003. Credit: Reuters Limited © 2003
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Members of the U.S. Coast Guard's Maritime Safety and Security Team hold anti-terrorism response training off Liberty Island, in New York Harbor, Sept. 9, 2003. Credit: Reuters Limited © 2003
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September 2003 -- Two years have passed since terrorists flew jetliners into the World Trade Center the Pentagon, and a field near Shanksville, Pa., shattering America's image of domestic security and triggering U.S.-led wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Follow NPR coverage of the second anniversary of Sept. 11 and recent reports on the attacks and their aftermath:
Nation Honors Sept. 11 Victims
Across the country, communities mark the second anniversary of the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks with candles, silence, church bells and vigils. In New York City, 200 readers, mostly children, recite the names of the 2,792 people who died in the attacks on the World Trade Center. Hear NPR's Nancy Solomon. Sept. 11, 2003
Three People Reflect on Changes Since Sept. 11
All Things Considered talks with three people about how their worlds have changed since Sept. 11, 2001: Rick King, assistant fire chief of the Shanksville, Pa., volunteer fire department; Anna Switzer, principal of City Hall Academy in Manhattan; and Pentagon worker Col. Philip Smith. Sept. 11, 2003
Experts Question Success of War on Terror
Two years after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, experts and officials say it is still unclear whether al Qaeda is gaining or losing influence and strength. NPR's Mike Shuster reports. Sept. 11, 2003
Survivors Remember Sept. 11
NPR's Tavis Smiley talks to Denise Thompson and April Gallop, who survived the terrorist attacks two years ago at the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. Sept. 11, 2003
Tuesday's Children
Many of the families whose relatives died in the terrorist attacks are only now beginning to reach out for help. NPR's Margot Adler reports on a program to help families cope with their loss. Sept. 11, 2003
Muslims Used as Informants
Some Muslims complain they have been pressured by U.S. law enforcement officials to spy on their neighbors in the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks. NPR's Jennifer Ludden reports. Sept. 11, 2003
The Last Elevator
Michael Nestor, Liz Thompson and Richard Tierney rode in the last elevator down from the Windows on the World restaurant just before American Airlines Flight 11 struck the North Tower of the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, 2001. Hear their story. Sept. 11, 2003
Use of Sept. 11 Funds Questioned
Following the Sept. 11 attacks, billions of dollars in private donations and public funds materialized. NPR's Nancy Solomon reports on the problems of distributing funds. Sept. 10, 2003
Americans Remain Worried Over Terror Threat
Polls show Americans are just as worried today about another attack as they were in the weeks after the Sept. 11 attacks. NPR's Pam Fessler reports on the public's continued unease. Sept. 10, 2003
Saudi Arabia and Sept. 11
The Sept. 11th attacks strained U.S. relations with Saudi Arabia, as 15 of the 19 hijackers were Saudi citizens. In the aftermath, some Saudis see potential for reforms, while others say the attacks unleashed an unjust war against Islam. NPR's Kate Seelye reports. Sept. 10, 2003
Artists Reflect on Tragedy
A Morning Edition series profiles three artists -- writer Kurt Vonnegut, pianist Toshiko Akiyoshi and composer Kimo Williams -- about the time it takes to come to terms with tragedies like Sept. 11. Sept. 8-10, 2003
Public Plays Key Role in WTC Redevelopment Plans
In the months following the attacks that destroyed the World Trade Center, New Yorkers channeled some of their grief into influencing the future of the site. The design is the result of unprecedented public participation. Andrea Bernstein of member station WNYC reports. Sept. 10, 2003
One Firefighter's Sept. 11 Story
A New York City firefighter spent months hoping to secure a coveted Survivor medal for his work at the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, 2001. Now he says he doesn't need a medal to validate his contribution. WNYC's Beth Fertig reports. Sept. 7, 2003
A History of the World Trade Center
NPR's Scott Simon speaks with filmmaker Ric Burns about his new PBS documentary on the history of the World Trade Center. Sept. 6, 2003
Transcripts Tell a Disturbing Story
Transcripts of Sept. 11 emergency calls highlight public safety officials' early response to the attacks on the World Trade Center. Andrea Bernstein of WNYC reports. Aug. 29, 2003
Sept. 11 and the Photo of the Falling Man
NPR's Melissa Block talks with Esquire magazine writer Tom Junod about the arresting photograph of a man jumping from the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, 2001. The picture was featured in many newspapers on Sept. 12, but never appeared again. Aug. 21, 2003
Troubling Signs of 'Ground Zero Syndrome' Arise
Nearly two years after the World Trade Center attacks, half of the emergency workers who responded to the tragedy are ill, many suffering from respiratory problems. NPR's Michele Norris reports. Aug. 1, 2003
In Depth
Voices of Reflection: NPR Special Coverage on the One-Year Anniversary of Sept. 11
America Transformed: NPR Coverage of the Sept. 11 Attacks and Their Immediate Aftermath
'All Songs Considered': The Music of NPR's Sept. 11, 2001, Coverage
Other Resources
The September 11 Digital Archive
Witness and Response: Sept. 11 Acquisitions at the Library of Congress
See plans for the Pentagon Memorial.
The Sonic Memorial Project
Read the results of a poll by the Pew Research Center for the People and the Press on the U.S. public's perception of the threat of terrorism.
Read a congressional report on U.S. intelligence failures surrounding the Sept. 11 attacks.
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