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Willie "The Lion" Smith was a major influence on Duke Ellington, who wrote several compositions dedicated to him.

Listen Willie 'The Lion' Smith: Stride Piano Master

June 11, 2008 – The flamboyant pianist was a leading purveyor of the ragtime-based style called Harlem Stride.

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With the help of great arrangers such as Neal Hefti, Ernie Wilkins, Benny Carter, and Quincy Jones, bandleader Count Basie relaunched his career after the big-band era had already passed.

Listen Count Basie: The Man and His Music, Pt. 3

June 4, 2008 – The sophisticated groups of the bandleader's post-war rebirth confirmed his place in jazz history.

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Though Count Basie's band received lukewarm reviews on their first stint in New York, the public warmed up to it quickly.

Listen Count Basie: The Man and His Music, Pt. 2

May 28, 2008 – Its conception unique, its talent unmatched, no group ever swung harder than the early Basie band.

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Though he came of age in New Jersey and New York City, Count Basie developed his band's trademark sound largely in Kansas City.

Listen Count Basie: The Man and His Music, Pt. 1

May 21, 2008 – The pianist and bandleader learned Harlem stride and Kansas City blues before joining jazz royalty.

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In 1974 Gil Evans recorded an album of Jimi Hendrix's music; the two had planned to collaborate before Hendrix's early death.

Listen Gil Evans: Distinction in Arranging

May 14, 2008 – Among the most creative arrangers ever, Evans is best known for his extensive work with Miles Davis.

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Bessie Smith, shown here ca. 1935, remained an active performer until her sudden death at age 43.

Listen Bessie Smith: 'Blues Empress'

May 7, 2008 – The singer's feverish growls and impassioned delivery informed nearly all African American music.

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Listen Charles Mingus: 'Fables of Bass,' Part 2

April 30, 2008 – In the mid-'50s, the bassist emerged as a truly innovative composer and uncompromising bandleader.

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Listen Charles Mingus: 'Fables of Bass,' Part 1

April 23, 2008 – The powerful bassist was a prolific composer of extraordinarily innovative, highly personal music.

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Listen Gerry Mulligan: Intricacy in a Lower Register

April 16, 2008 – The influential baritone saxophonist helped form the new sound that became known as "cool jazz."

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Bud Powell was the first, and arguably the greatest pianist to create a bebop-based improvisational style for the piano.

Listen Bud Powell: Bebop Pianism

April 9, 2008 – The pianist redrew the course of modern jazz piano by pioneering bebop improvisation at keyboard.

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Listen Benny Waters: Innovation in Longevity

April 2, 2008 – The versatile reedman's music continuously evolved over a career spanning eight decades.

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Sarah Vaughan, Jan. 22, 1960.

Listen Sarah Vaughan: Vocal Virtuosity

March 26, 2008 – The singer, who emerged with bebop, was capable of an extraordinarily wide variety of expression.

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Zoot Sims spent time in the immensely popular big bands of Benny Goodman, Woody Herman and Stan Kenton.

Listen Zoot Sims: 'Brother' of Swing

March 19, 2008 – Inspired by the early masters, the saxophonist honed his sound with many of the great bandleaders.

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Hoagy Carmichael's early music, including the 1927 melody to "Stardust," was heavily influenced by jazz, including the work of his friend and collaborator Bix Beiderbecke.

Listen Hoagy Carmichael: 'Stardust Melodies'

March 12, 2008 – With a laid-back, familiar style, he created timeless standards indebted to his early roots in jazz.

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Louis Jordan, ca. 1950.

Listen Louis Jordan: 'Jukebox King'

March 4, 2008 – The saxophonist and singer's hard-driving chart toppers made him into a founding father of R&B.

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