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Thursday, August 23, 2012

13.7: Cosmos And Culture

Ivan Dies At 50: A Gorilla Life, Remembered

Ivan chews on his finger at Zoo Atlanta in 1996.

August 23, 2012 Ivan spent decades confined within a small department store display, until activists won the gorilla's transfer to a zoo. Anthropologist and ape observer Barbara J. King remembers Ivan and considers the intense impact — positive and negative — that human actions have on individual animals' lives.

Summary

The Picture Show

Our Changing Forests: An 88-Year Time Lapse

1909. Facing nearly due west from ridge northeast of Como Lake. Light selection cut in open ponderosa pine. Ground cover is comprised of perennial grasses and forbs, including basalmroot. A few low-growing bitterbrush plants can be seen in the vicinity of horses and in distance on left. A group of willows can be seen behind horsemen at left center.

August 23, 2012 For the past century, the Forest Service has been sending photographers out to the same 13 points in Bitterroot National Forest in Montana every decade or so. The resulting photo series shows just how dynamic our forests really are.

Summary

Megafires: The New Normal In The Southwest

How The Smokey Bear Effect Led To Raging Wildfires

A Smokey the Bear fire prevention sign sits in Valles Caldera along Highway 4, which was one of the front lines in fighting the Las Conchas Fire in 2011.

August 23, 2012 Huge wildfires are burning in the West — setting new records for damage this summer. These megafires are burning bigger and hotter than ever before. Scientists say climate change and a century-long policy of fire prevention — which inadvertently turned forests into giant tinderboxes — are to blame.

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Joe's Big Idea

Telescope Innovator Shines His Genius On New Fields

Roger Angel, an astronomer at the University of Arizona, stands in front of his new project: a solar tracker. Angel wants to use the device to harness Arizona's abundant sunlight and turn it into usable energy.

August 23, 2012 Astronomer Roger Angel completely revolutionized the large telescopes that scientists use to look at the stars. Now he wants to use his mirror technology to make solar energy cheaper and more efficient.

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Around the Nation

Hurricane Andrew's Legacy: 'Like A Bomb' In Florida

Florida National Guardsmen keep people in line at a food distribution center in Florida City, Fla., on Aug. 27, 1992. Many residents of the Dade County farming community lost their homes to Hurricane Andrew.

August 23, 2012 Hurricane Andrew was small, but it made landfall as one of the most powerful ever to hit the United States. When the Category 5 hurricane crashed into the Miami area 20 years ago, it had a dramatic impact on South Florida and on hurricane-response systems.

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Wednesday, August 22, 2012

The Salt

Food Waste Is Overwhelming. Here Are Five Things People Are Doing About It

Rotten jackfruit and tomatoes are sorted at a dump in New Delhi. India loses an estimated 40 percent of its produce harvest for lack of infrastructure. And Americans waste about 40 percent of our food.

August 22, 2012 A report from the Natural Resources Defense Council finds that 40 percent of food in the U.S. today goes uneaten. But several grass-roots groups around the country are working to turn food waste into something useful.

Summary

Humans' Role In Antarctic Ice Melt Is Unclear

The Larsen B ice shelf, a large floating ice mass on the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula, shattered and separated from the continent 10 years ago. A NASA satellite captured the event in this image from Feb. 23, 2002. The 650 foot-thick, 1,250-square-mile ice shelf had existed since the last ice age.

August 22, 2012 Ten years ago, a piece of ice the size of Rhode Island disintegrated and melted in the waters off Antarctica. Two other massive ice shelves along the Antarctic Peninsula had suffered similar fates a few years before. The events became poster children for the effects of global warming. But a new study finds that the story isn't quite so simple.

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NPR Fire Forecast Map

Fire Forecast

August 22, 2012 This interactive map shows the likelihood of wildfires using data collected at automated weather stations in the continental United States. To view the map, visit npr.org/wildfires

Summary

The Salt

Meet A Man On A Mission To Save Rare And Unusual Figs

One of Bassem Samaan's Pan e Vino fig trees, propagated from the yard of an Italian restaurant in Bethlehem, Pa.

August 22, 2012 Bassem Samaan of Bethlehem, Pa., is on a quest to save rare varieties of figs often growing unnoticed, right under our noses in neighbors' backyards. He's donated some of his finds to a government-backed fruit tree preserve in California.

Summary

Tuesday, August 21, 2012

NPR Cities: Urban Life In The 21st Century

Boston Plans For 'Near-Term Risk' Of Rising Tides

Some scientists predict that by 2050, climate change and an accompanying rise in sea level will lead to frequent flooding in Boston.

August 21, 2012 WBURIn Boston, scientists are predicting that climate change will lead to dramatic sea level rise, and more frequent flooding, around the city. Officials are studying the potential impact on roads and sewers and are asking waterfront developers to plan for increased flooding.

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Around the Nation

Saltwater From Gulf Invades Mississippi River

Water gets churned up at the end of a dredging pipeline connected to a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dredge on the Mississippi River near Memphis, Tenn., on Monday. The river has seen water levels from Illinois to Louisiana plummet because of drought conditions in the past three months. When there's less flow coming downstream, saltwater from the Gulf wedges its way in.

August 21, 2012 All the dry weather means there's less water flowing through the once mighty river into the Gulf of Mexico, and low outflow means saltwater from the Gulf is creeping in. Some Louisiana cities have already begun purchasing drinking water, and now New Orleans is at risk.

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13.7: Cosmos And Culture

The City As Engine: Energy, Entropy And The Triumph Of Disorder

Adam Frank stands atop of the Wilder Building in Rochester, N.Y.

August 21, 2012 The second law of thermodynamics is a kind of warning to cities and civilization. No matter how clever we are, disorder, waste and pollution will always follow from our work organizing societies into cities.

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The Salt

How A Biofuel Dream Called Jatropha Came Crashing Down

A man harvests fruits of the Jatropha tree in Taabo, Ivory Coast. Jatropha, which is grown in many parts of the world, has fallen from favor as a diesel fuel substitute.

August 21, 2012 People thought the hardy Jatropha tree was the answer to the food vs. fuel debate, until it wasn't. Financial hard times and a misunderstanding revealed this biofuel to be like all the rest — in need of good food and water.

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Map of Asia. Credit: NPR

Map: Carbon Emissions Giants

Who are the biggest carbon polluters today? Who will it be in 2030?

Amazon forest

Climate Strategists: Focus On Forests To Cut Emissions

The basic idea: Let rich countries pay poor ones to save and even expand carbon-absorbing forests.

Marsh grasses in California

Can 'Carbon Ranching' Offset Emissions In Calif.?

Farmers hope money they make from capturing greenhouse gases would make up for the lost acreage.

China

What Countries Are Doing To Tackle Climate Change

Many of the world's major greenhouse gas emitters are forging their own plans to cut emissions.

A carbon atom. Credit: OddTodd

Global Warming? It's All About Carbon

An animated Robert Krulwich chemistry lesson -- in five episodes.

Red marks area of potential flooding in Florida. Credit: NPR

Rising Temperatures, Disappearing Coastlines

See what climate change could do to a coastline near you.