Beer Yeast Separates The Ales From The Lagers
Different types of beers — ales, stouts, etc — are distinguished primarily by their yeast, but now these groupings might get even more complicated. Scientists have examined the genetic sequences of 17 unique lager yeast strains from breweries in Europe and North America, tracing variations in their genetic code back through time.
Guest:
Gavin Sherlock, assistant professor of genetics at the Stanford University School of Medicine
The Science Of Making Great Beer
A lot of careful measurement and supervision go into the creation of a good brew.
It's a science: Temperature, timing and ingredients all factor into how a beer will taste. Above, a brewer takes a sample of beer from a tank at Lagunitas Brewing Co. in Petaluma, Calif.
It's a science: Temperature, timing and ingredients all factor into how a beer will taste. Above, a brewer takes a sample of beer from a tank at Lagunitas Brewing Co. in Petaluma, Calif.
A worker at Chicago's Goose Island Brewery prepares a 7,100-gallon fermenting vessel to receive a fresh batch of beer.
A worker at Chicago's Goose Island Brewery prepares a 7,100-gallon fermenting vessel to receive a fresh batch of beer.
A worker checks the brew — heated barley mash mixed with hops — in giant copper vats at the Prazdroj brewery in Pilsen, Czech Republic.
A worker checks the brew — heated barley mash mixed with hops — in giant copper vats at the Prazdroj brewery in Pilsen, Czech Republic.
How do yeast, water, hops and grain combine to form a lager, Pilsener or ale? The steps in the brewing process — malting, mashing and fermentation — seem simple enough, but the process requires careful supervision and tightly controlled conditions.
In a special live broadcast from Milwaukee, Wis., the region's best brewmasters talk with host Ira Flatow about how temperature, timing and ingredients all factor into making an excellent brew. Malting allows the barley to partially germinate and is followed by a roasting process. Mashing heats the grain in water, to convert some of the starches into sugars. Fermentation converts the sugars into alcohol.
Callers weigh in with tips for home brewing, and an expert beer taster explains what to look for in a beer. Also, the author of a book on Wisconsin's best brews explains the natural resources and cultural heritage that put the state on the beer lover's map.
Guests:
Russ Klisch, president and founder of the Lakefront Brewery, Milwaukee, Wis.
Lyn Kruger, president and COO of the Siebel Institute of Technology
Kirby Nelson, brewmaster at the Capital Brewery in Middletown, Wis.
David Ryder, vice president of brewing, research and quality assurance at Miller Brewing Co.
Robin Shepard, interim vice chancellor for University of Wisconsin Extension; associate professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison; author of Wisconsin's Best Breweries and Brewpubs
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